纳滤膜材料研究进展

Progress in nanofiltration membrane materials

简单阐述了纳滤膜的特点与应用,综述了乙酸纤维类、芳香族聚酰胺类等常用有机高分子纳滤膜材料,天然高分子、聚电解质等新型有机高分子纳滤膜材料,无机纳滤膜材料以及无机-有机杂化复合纳滤膜材料的研究进展。分别列举了相应膜材料的典型膜,并从高通量、抗污染、耐有机溶剂与耐氯性等多角度对相应膜材料的结构特性、化学特性、膜制备技术与应用特点进行了对比分析与总结,最后对纳滤膜材料的发展趋势与应用前景作了预测与展望,指出特种高性能纳滤膜材料的开发与微观结构的调控和基于不同纳滤膜材料的结构与功能设计将成为今后一段时间内的研究热点。

The characteristics and applications of nanofiltration membranes are briefly introduced. Common organic polymer nanofiltration membrane materials are reviewed,including cellulose acetate and aromatic polyamide,novel nanofiltration membrane materials covering natural polymer and polyelectrolyte , inorganic nanofiltration materials and inorganic-organic hybrid composite nanofiltration membrane materials. For these membrane materials,structural characteristics,chemical properties , membrane fabrication processes and applications are contrastingly analyzed and summarized from different perspectives,including high flux,resistance to pollution,organic solvent resistance and chlorine resistance. Then development trends and application prospects of nanofiltration membrane materials are predicted. And in the immediate future,two issues will become hot topics of research. One is the development and structure control of high-performance nanofiltration membrane materials;the other is the design of structure and function with different nanofiltration membrane materials matrixes.