CBA裁判公信力的流失与重塑——基于多元协同治理路径

Credibility lost and restore for the CBA referees —— Based on the multi-collaborative governance path

篮球裁判公信力本质是比赛双方及公众对裁判行使执法权力时管理与判罚的认可与服从。CBA近几赛季陷入裁判公信力流失的危机中,表现为:CBA赛场暴力和冲突事件频发;裁判执裁质量不高,争议不断;观众对裁判缺乏信任,谩骂、围堵裁判;媒体负面报道增多,记者与裁判发生矛盾,裁判权威丧失。究其成因:CBA管办不分,业余裁判体制不适宜职业联赛发展;裁判职业素养、业务水平、心理素质差,执裁"弹性空间"过大,权力失范;社会大众心理失衡;媒体急功近利,主观报道增多;缺乏法律保障及有效监管体系等。针对裁判公信力流失原因,提出通过CBA管理方、裁判自身、俱乐部、新闻媒体、观众等联赛参与者多元协同治理路径对裁判公信力重塑。

The credibility of basketball referees directly affect the teams and the public＇ s acceptability and submission of their management and decision during the game. In the recent seasons, CBA sunk into the credibility crisis, shown as： Frequent violence and conflict in CBA;The referees are lacking of judging quality, which is controversial;The audiences distrust, abuse and besiege the ref- erees;Increased negative media report, cause the conflict between the journalists and the referees, the referees lost their authority. Reasons：CBA did not separate the game management and host, amateur referee system is unsuitable for the development of professional league ; The referees＇ professional quality, professional level and psychological quality is poor, judging has too much ＂flexibility＂, power anomie;The public psychological imbalance;Media seeking for quick success, subjective reports increased;Lack of legal protection and effective supervision system, etc.. According to the reason of credibility loss, put forward a multiple cooperative governance supervised by CBA, referee, clubs, medias and the audiences, in order to reshape the referee＇ s credibility.