不同地区凤丹经济性状及其籽油脂肪酸成分分析

Economic characteristics investigation and seed oil fatty acid composition analysis of paeonia ostii plants in different areas

对安徽亳州、湖南邵阳、重庆垫江三个地区栽培凤丹进行了经济性状调查，同时对三个地区凤丹的含油率和脂肪酸组分进行测定和分析，并对经济性状进行相关性分析。结果表明：安徽亳州地区凤丹单株产量、单株种子数量和单株结果数量最高，单株产量为16.20 g，种子数量为90.83粒，结果数量为3.67个；湖南邵阳地区凤丹单株产量、单株种子数量最低，单株产量为4.11 g，单株种子数量为14.24粒，单株结果数量为1.18个；重庆垫江市的单株产量为7.22 g，单株种子数量为24.36粒，单株结果数量最低，为0.81个。单株产量与单株种子数量、单株结果数量、千粒重、种子大小呈极显著正相关，千粒重与种子大小具有极显著正相关。采用GC法对凤丹籽油的脂肪酸组成进行鉴定，共分离出10种脂肪酸组分，其中不饱和脂肪酸含量为92.65%~92.92%。凤丹籽油主要由亚麻酸、油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸五种脂肪酸组成，其中亚麻酸含量最高，为42.78%；其次为亚油酸26.50%、油酸22.97%、棕榈酸5.11%、硬脂酸1.90%。不同地区凤丹的五种主要脂肪酸组成和含量不存在显著差异。

Economic characteristics investigation of tree peony plants（Paeonia ostii）were carried out in Bozhou（Anhui province）,Shaoyang（Hunan province）,and Dianjiang（Chongqing）. Seed oil was extracted and fatty acid composition was analyzed at the same time. Results showed that：Seed yield per plant of the paeonia ostii plants in Bozhou,Shaoyang and Dianjiang was 16.20 g,7.22 g,and 4.11 g,respectively. Seed number per plant of the paeonia ostii plants in Bozhou,Shaoyang and Dianjiang was 90.83,24.36 and 1.18,respectively. Fruits number per plant of the paeonia ostii plants in Bozhou, Shaoyang and Dianjiang was 3.67,0.81,and 1.18,respectively. Seed yield has obvious positive correlations with seed number,fruit number,1 000 grain weight and seed size. At the same time,1 000 grain weight has obvious positive correlations with the seed size. In total,10 fatty acid components were detected by gas chromatograph（GC）in the seed oil. The content of unsaturated fatty acid was 92.65%~92.92%. The main compositions of the seed oil were：linolenic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,palmitic acid,and stearic acid. Linolenic acid（42.78%）was the highest,followed by linoleic acid（26.50%）,oleic acid（22.97%）,palmitic acid（5.11%）,and stearic acid（1.90%）. There were not significant differences among the main content of five fatty acids in the seed oil from different area samples.