三色堇小孢子发生和雄配子体发育的解剖学研究

Anatomical studies on microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte in pansy

运用石蜡切片法对三色堇（Viola tricolor L．）小孢子发生及雄配子体形成进行研究。结果表明，三色堇成熟的花药有4个小孢子囊，花药壁发育为基本型，共6-7层，从外至内依次是表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层，绒毡层发育类型为腺质绒毡层。小孢子母细胞减数分裂为连续型，四分体呈四面体型排列。成熟花粉为2-细胞型或3-细胞型，在一个横切面上最多具有5个萌发孔。

The microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte of pansy （Viola tricolor L.） were studied with the method of general paraffin section technology. The results showed that the mature anther of pansy had four microsporanges. The growth of the anther wall with six or seven layers belonged to tetrahedron type. The layers from the inside out of anther wall were epiderm, endothecium, middle layer and secretory glandular tapetum of pansy successively. The cytokinesis division of the microspore mother cell was successive type and the tetrad was tetrahedron type. Mature pollen was 2-celled or 3-celled which had five germinal pores.