复方中药合剂对AA肉仔鸡脾脏和法氏囊结构及发育的影响

Effect of compound traditional chinese medicine mixtures on tissue structure and development of spleen and fabricius in broilers

选用7日龄健康AA肉仔鸡240只,随机分4组,每组设5个重复,对照组自由饮水,试验组按0.5%、1%、1.5%的浓度添加复方中药合剂于饮水中,试验期为4周。分别于14日龄、21日龄、28日龄和35日龄,每组随机抽取10只鸡,颈静脉放血致死,取法氏囊和脾脏,测定脾脏和法氏囊指数。在免疫器官指数对比的基础上,选取效果最佳组和对照组的脾脏和法氏囊,固定,制作石蜡切片,H·E染色,显微观察、拍照。与对照组相比,试验组显著或极显著提高肉仔鸡21、28及35日龄的脾脏指数和法氏囊指数(P<0.05或P<0.01)。1%浓度添加组脾小体平均直径、动脉周围淋巴鞘平均面积和法氏囊淋巴滤泡平均面积显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);并且脾脏结构清晰,白髓内的脾小体数量较多;脾动脉周围淋巴鞘明显增厚,鞘内淋巴细胞密集;法氏囊内淋巴小结数量较多,排列紧密,法氏囊皱襞发达,皱襞内淋巴细胞增多。说明复方中药合剂能显著促进AA肉仔鸡脾脏和法氏囊的发育,增强机体的免疫功能。

240 healthy AA broilers at the age of 7 day old were selected, and divided into experimental and control groups randomly. There were 5 repeating groups in each group.The control group was watered normally, and the experimental groups were watered with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% the compound traditional Chinese medicine mixtures, respectively. The trial period was 4 weeks. On 14, 21, 28 and 35 days old after garaged, 10 chickens were sampled randomly from each group and slaughtered by bloodletting in jugular vein. Then Fabricius and spleens were collected for determination of immune organs index. Spleens and Fabdcius were randomly selected from the best experimental groups and control group and fixed. Paramn sections were stained with HE and observed under microscope. The results showed that the immune organ indexes were significantly higher in the experimental groups than those of in the control group in aged 21, 28 and 35 days （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The diameters of spleen node and area of periaterial lymphatic sheath and lymphoid follicle of fabricius of the experimental 1% groups were significantly higher than the control group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The structure of spleen was clear. The amount of splenic nodule increased in white pul. Splenic periartedal lymphatic sheath thickening, lymphocyte becomes more and more intensive. The amount of lymphoid nodule in bursa of fabricius increased and arranged closely. Folds of fabricius had more developed and increased in lymphocyte numbers. These results showed that the compound traditional Chinese medicine mixtures could improve and enhance the immune function in broilers.