论马丁·麦克多纳《利南的美人》中的后现代刻板印象

Interpteting Stereotypes in Martin McDonagh's The Beauty Queen of Leenane

英爱作家马丁·麦克多纳在其作品中将俗套的意象、符号重新排列拼贴,对各种材料进行再循环,这是典型的后现代作家的处理方式。他对刻板印象的展演旨在创造一种寓言式的读解,特意强调其虚假的特性,将其呈现为一种风格化的模式。这种高度风格化、程序化的桥段说明作家是在刻意把玩爱尔兰戏剧的典型意象,把那些看起来已完全被用滥的通俗形式重新注入活力,蓄意戏谑地把陈词滥调和其他过分熟悉的母题搭配使用,创造出新奇的组合。此外,这些早已被类型化的符号与刻板印象为整个故事提供了背景,因此,麦克多纳描写爱尔兰的作品不应该看作是某一地方或单一民族的,而是依照全球化的模式在运作。

As a postmodern playwright, Martin McDonagh＇s representation of stereotypes in his plays focuses on creating allegorical readings and emphasizing artificiality. In this way his story-telling refreshes and subverts many of the clich6s of the Irish literary canon. In addition, the stylized stereotypes and cultural references enable his play to achieve recognizability by audiences across national boundaries. In this sense, McDonagh＇s drama should be seen not as local or national but as functioning according to a globalized model.