Healthy People 2020身体活动内容的演变对我国全民健身规划的启示

Enlightenment from the Evolution of Physical Activity Content in Healthy People 2020 to China's National Physical Activity Plan

运用文献资料调研、比较分析法对美国Healthy People 2020身体活动领域内容变化进行了梳理,并与我国《全民健身计划(2011—2015)》进行了对比。研究认为,Healthy People 2020身体活动领域对其所包含的模块划分和内容陈述细致、明确。在内容上强调增加肌肉力量活动和提供身体活动环境的可及性等;指标总数增加了一倍,达36项,在指标确定上更细化、更具体,可操作性强;并对影响人们参与身体活动的因素进行了区分和归类等。而我国《全民健身计划(2011—2015)》存在着对民众参与健身活动的要求强调不够充分;没有对参加健身活动的益处或不参与健身活动或身体活动不足的弊端进行详细表述;对影响健身活动的因素没有具体的系统分类等不足。对我国全民健身活动未来规划提出了诸如基于指导实践的指标的可操作性和实用性等建议。

Through using the method of literature review, comparative analysis, this paper stud- ies American Healthy People 2020 and compares the content changes in physical activity topi- cal area with China＇s ＂Nationwide Physical Activity Plan （2011 2015） ＂. The result shows that in Healthy People 2020 physical activity topical area, the statements of the blocks and contents are more detailed and clearer, the content emphasizes on increasing muscle strengthe- ning and how to add the accessibility of environment to physical activities, etc. ; total of 36 in- dicators, is doubled, and more practical;and distinguishing and classifying the influence factors of people to participate in the activities. However, China ~ s ＂ National Physical Activity Plan （2011--2015） ＂ has shortages：Demand for people to participate in physical activities is not e- nough;Not identifying the pros and cons of participation in physical activities and describing the disadvantages of insufficient physical activity; no specific system classification to factors that affect the physical activity, and so on. Finally, this paper puts forward proposals such as the validity and practice of indictors that based on the guide practice for the future, etc.