户籍制度和企业特征对工资收入差距的影响研究

The Impact of Hukou System and Firms'Characteristics on Wage Disparity

在我国经济体制改革和市场化过程中,出现了严重的工资收入差距问题,其中个人特征、户籍制度与企业特征对工资收入差距都有不同程度的影响。在个人特征中,教育的影响最为重要,性别的影响也较大。户籍对工资差距的影响总体较弱,非农户口的影响不大,拥有外地户口反而比本地户口能获得更高的工资。在企业特征中,地区因素、企业规模、企业所有制对工资收入差距都有较大影响,而行业对工资收入的影响则较弱。

Growing income disparity has become a significant social issue in China. We find that both personal characteristics and characteristics of enterprises have contributed to such inequalities. Among personal characteristics, education is the most important factor, and gender also plays a significant role. The contribution of the household registration system known as Hukou is generally small. Overall the non-local Hukou people earn more than the local Hukou people. Regarding characteristics of enterprises, region, enterprise size and ownership are among the fairly important factors, whereas industry plays a relatively unimportant part.