理解作为一种辩护方法的政治建构主义

Making Sense of Political Constructivism as a Justificatory Method

政治自由主义的公共辩护承诺以及合理多元性事实的存在,使得运用建构主义制定正义原则成为必要。罗尔斯通过阐发和改造康德的道德建构主义,发展出一种适合用来建构自立的政治性正义原则的政治建构主义;它从一些成为自由民主社会共识的实践理性的观念出发,运用体现所有实践理性相关要求的代表性设施即原初状态,公开地展示对诸种政治价值的一种有序排列并以一个(组)正义原则的方式表达出来,以求获得全体自由平等公民的接受。在此意义上,政治建构主义承担起了公共辩护的核心工作。

In Political Liberalism, the commitment to public justification and the existence of the fact of reasonable pluralism make it necessary to use constructivism to formulate principles of justice. Through interpreting and transform Kant＇s moral constructivism, Rawls develops a kind of political constructivism, which is suitable for constructing a self-standing political principle of justice. It starts from some fundamental conceptions of practical reason taken as a consensus in liberal democratic socie- ty, then employs a representative device namely original position which satisfy all relevant requirements of practical reason to publicly display an order of political values. This order, as the re- sult of this constructive process, is expressed in a systematic principle of justice. All the work above is done to make sure the principle of justice can obtain all free and equal citizens＇ reasonable approval. In this sense, political constructivism undertakes the core task of public justification.