中美贸易摩擦与日美贸易摩擦的比较分析

A Comparative Analysis of Sino-US and Japan-US Trade Friction

2008年国际金融危机爆发以后,世界经济陷入低迷,贸易保护主义升温。正在崛起的中国日益成为全球经贸摩擦的中心,尤以中美贸易摩擦最受关注。与20世纪中后期愈演愈烈的日美贸易摩擦相比,中美贸易摩擦在经贸政策、进出口市场、汇率变动等方面存在一些相似之处,但在所处的时代环境、美国在摩擦中的表现及应对措施等方面又存在一些不同之处。中国不仅需要促进出口市场的多元化和内外需协调发展,尽快与国际通行规则接轨,强化自主研发能力,促进产业结构升级,而且需要深入了解贸易对象的相关法规、社会文化以及国际规则惯例等,以缓和、化解当前面对的摩擦,并以更加灵活多样的策略应对今后将会继续增多的摩擦。

Since the outbreak of financial crisis in September 2008, the global economy has fallen into depression and the protectionism prevailed. In that context, the rising Chinese economy has become the focus of the global trade friction, especially represented by Sino - US trade friction. Compared with the increasingly worsening Japan - US trade friction in the late 20th century, there are some similarities in economic trade policy, foreign trade market and exchange rate changes between the Sino - US trade friction and Japan - US trade friction. However, there are also some differences in the historical background, reactions and response solutions they take in the trade friction. Not only does China need to promote the diversity of the export market and the coordinated development of the internal and external demand, but also need to work in line with the international standards, promote independent R＆D capability, upgrade the industrial structure as well as expanding understanding of related regulations, social culture and rules of the international convention, which can help alleviate current friction and provide more flexible strategies to cope with increasing trade frictions in the future.