“必须的”的形成机制与话语功能探析

On the Formation Mechanism and Discourse Function of Bixude

由于"必须"与"必需"经常混用,造成"必须"句法位置的游移和句法功能的变化,而"必须的"主观化用法的固化及语义由实到虚的转变,是其作为流行语形成的句法语义动因,在广泛流行的小品和影视剧中的频繁使用是其得以流行的契机和媒介。用诙谐幽默的方式来表达事理或情理上的必要,以及作为应答语用诙谐幽默的语气来肯定对方的言语内容,是其主要的话语功能。

The present paper suggests that getting mixed-up between bixu （必须）and bixu （必需） is the source of the change of the syntactic position and function of bixu （必须）. The motivation for the formation of bixude （必须的） is the solidification of subjective use and the semantic transition from reality to virtual reality. Bixude （必须的）are very popular in comedy drama and daily conversation. The main discourse function of bixude（必须的）in a response utterance is to express the logical necessity in a humorous way, and affirm the speech content of the listener with humorous tone.