基于测量不确定度的沉降监测安全评价

Safety Evaluation of Subsidence Monitoring Based on Measurement Uncertainty

经典误差理论通常采用样本均值、标准差或方差来表达观测量结果的准确度。对于某些动态测量中的观测量,其准确度往往不是被关注的重点,而是更希望了解其是否处于某个区间,从而导致经典误差理论不能很好地评价其测量结果。因此,该文就动态测量中的不确定度进行了研究。首先,根据动态测量的特点建立合适的数学模型;其次,通过灵敏系数的计算、概率分布、置信因子和自由度分析,以及对动态测量误差进行误差分离;最后,通过某工程沉降监测数据分析,对观测量的测量不确定度进行评定,从而阐释了该方法的实用性,说明了测量不确定度理论在沉降监测中的安全评价和指导意义。

Sample mean, standard deviation, variance in classical error theory usually be used to express the accuracy of measurement results. The accuracy is not often been attention focus to some dynamic measurement, but more want to know whether it is in a certain range, the classical error theory can not evaluate the measurement results very well. To this end, the dynamic measurement uncertainty has been studied in this paper. First, according to dynamic measurements characteristics to establish an appropri- ate mathematical model; Secondly, making error separation through the calculation of sensitivity coefficient, probability distributions, confidence factors, analysis of freedom degrees, and the error dynamic measurement; Finally, through a project subsidence monitoring data analysis, and assessed to observables of measurement uncertainty, then, it illustrates the usefulness of the method and the significance of safety evaluation and guidance of measurement uncertainty theory in the subsidence monitoring.