盈江县耕地土壤养分特征分析及应用

The Farmland Soil Nutrient Characteristics Analysis and Application in Yingjiang County

利用盈江县测土配方施肥项目土样测试数据和全国第二次土壤普查数据,对土壤养分现状及变化进行分析研究。结果表明:盈江县耕地养分总体为有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷含量中等偏丰富,速效钾不足。变化趋势呈现出土壤有机质和全氮向中等水平变化,碱解氮和速效磷表现出增加,速效钾下降。土壤总体偏酸,有酸化趋势。利用聚类分析法进行分析,盈江县耕地分为四类:高有机质,高氮,钾中等,缺磷区,占全县耕地的3.87%;高有机质,高氮,磷中等,缺钾区,占全县耕地的13.39%;有机质丰富,氮磷中等,缺钾区,占全县耕地的20.32%,是粮经作物的次产区;有机质、氮中等,磷丰富,缺钾区,占全县耕地的62.42%,是粮经作物的主产区。

The date of soil testing and formulating fertilization project and the second national soil survey were used to analyze the soil nutrient status and variation in Yingjiang County. The results showed that the farmland nutrients in Yingjiang for organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content and the average available phosphorus are rich, while the available potassium is deficient. Variation tendency revealed the soil organic matter and total nitrogen reduced to the secondary level and the alkali-hydrolysable N and available P increased but the available K decreased. The overall soil nutrient characteristic tends to acidification. Cluster analysis showed that the farmland soil could be divided into four categories, the first one is accounting for 3.87% of the total farmland, the soil with high organic matter, high nitrogen and phosphorus medium but potassium deficiency, and the second one is accounting for 13.39% of the total farmland, the soil with high organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus reduced to the secondary level but lack of potassium, then the third one is accounting for 20.32% of the total farmland, which is the secondary producing area, the soil with medium level of organic matter and nitrogen and rich of phosphorus but lack of potassium, the last one is accounting for 62.42% of the total farmland which is the main producing area.