论妨害文物管理犯罪行为的刑法规制

Research on the Criminal Regulation of Jeopardizing Management of Cultural Relic

文物是不可再生的文化资源,具有丰富的历史价值、艺术价值和科学价值,同时也具有较高的经济价值,自然也就成为了犯罪分子侵害目标。近年来,盗掘古墓、倒卖文物、走私文物的现象日益猖狂,这种链条式的不法行为,使我国的珍贵文物大量流失,犯罪分子利用娴熟的作案手段,将盗掘而来的文物进行倒买倒卖或者走私,使其很快进入流通领域,甚至流向国际市场,获取高额利润。因此,必须及时有效地规制此类犯罪行为,击破文物类犯罪的"盗掘—倒卖—走私"的典型经营链条,保护国家的文物管理秩序,防止文物的大量流失。

The cultural relic, which is full of historical artistic and scientific values, is nonrenewable cultural resource. Meanwhile, it has high economic value. That is why it has become the target of criminals. In recent years, there have been more and more cases of excavating tombs, reselling and smuggling cultural relic. The chain-type of illegal acts has resulted in serious drain of precious cultural relic. To make high proifts, criminals resell or smuggle the cultural relic which is excavated from tombs with skillful methods of crime, making the cultural relic lfowing into circulation even the international markets. Therefore, immediate and effective measures must be taken to regulate this kind of crime, destroy the typical managing chain of“excavating-reselling-smuggling”, protect management orders of cultural relic and prevent cultural relic from lfowing away.