近年来国外尾矿再选与治理的研究

Research onReconcentration and Disposal of Tailings Abroad in Recent Years

尾矿不仅会污染土壤和水质,并且在不断地积累中,会导致严重的水土流失和诱发次生地质灾害,所以尾矿治理的问题被越来越多的关注。以尾矿的治理工艺为主,本文综述了近年来国外的浮选、重选、微生物处理和植物修复等技术的发展。介绍了国外尾矿中几种常见的有用矿物的浮选试验研究,包括新药剂的研究和新的试验方法应用,以及相关的多因素浮选模型的建立和优化。简述了几种针对尾矿中微细粒矿物回收的新型重选设备的研发和应用现状,以及相关的重选模型的建立和应用情况。介绍了微生物浸出、微生物矿化、植物稳固和植物提取等工艺的研究现状,以及基因工程技术在这些生物技术工艺中所起到的积极作用。

In continuous accumulation, tailings not only pollute soil and water quality, but also possibly lead serious water loss and soil erosion, inducing secondary geological disasters. Therefore, more and more attention was paid to it. In the light of reconeentration and disposal technology for different tailings, this article reviews the related re- search achievements and ideas abroad in recent years, such as flotation ,gravity concentration, microbiological treat- mentd and phytoremediation. Experimental researches on the flotation of useful minerals in railings were introduced, also the application of new research, new methods and the establishment and optimization of the related models. The current research situation of microbial leaching, microbial mineralization ,plant stability and plant extraction were in- troduces;and also the positive effect and gene engineering technology in the process of biological technology.