时代语境、身份归属与卡夫卡的文学创作

Social Context,Identity Belonging and Kafka's Literary Creation

卡夫卡作品独特的思想内涵,既是特定时代的产物,又是他个人的经历、性格使然。"上帝死了"的精神危机,使西方人忽然之间成了上帝的弃儿,成了无家可归的异乡人和漂泊者。物的暴力对人的压迫与统治又使外在世界与自我主观世界都充满了不确定,人们更加的无所适从、惶惶不安。同时,卡夫卡的犹太人身份与家庭生活,使他感到没有归属,恐惧不安,忧虑、悲伤,对卡夫卡的文学创作产生了重要的影响。

The unique content of Kafka＇ s works is both the product of the specific times and his personal experience, and person- ality. The spiritual crisis of the death of God make the westerners became the vagrants and foundlings of God. The violence of the mate- rial world make people disoriented and rattled. At the same time, Kafka＇ s Jewish identity and family life have a big influence on him. He feels fear, anxiety, sadness and without attribution,which have crucial impact on Kafka＇ s literary creation.