患者领悟社会支持和乐观中介变量与抑郁关系

Relationship between perceived social support,optimistic mediate variable and depression among inpatients

目的探讨领悟社会支持、乐观和自我效能与骨科患者抑郁之间的关系,为临床心理干预提供参考。方法采用现况调查方法于2013年11—12月期间收集109例骨科住院患者,应用一般情况调查问卷、领悟社会支持量表、乐观量表、自我效能量表、流调用抑郁自评量表对研究对象进行自填式问卷调查。结果骨科患者抑郁总得分为(19.11±8.38)分,社会支持为(65.31±13.19)分,乐观倾向为(36.19±4.45)分,自我效能得分(28.81±5.96)分,抑郁组与非抑郁组人群各维度得分差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001);多元分层回归分析显示,家庭外支持维度与抑郁存在负相关,解释抑郁变异的26.3%(P<0.001);乐观在社会支持与抑郁的关系中起到完全中介作用,与抑郁呈负相关,解释抑郁变异的14.3%,而自我效能因素暂未发现有中介作用。结论领悟社会支持以乐观为中介对骨科患者的抑郁症状具有负向预测作用,社会支持和乐观可以有效地减轻抑郁症状,有利于患者身心健康。

Objective To explore the relationship between perceived social support, optimism, self-efficacy and depression among orthopedics inpatients, and to provide theoretical evidence for clinical intervention. Methods A total of 109 inpatients were recruited for a cross-sectional study from October to November in 2013 in Affiliated Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. A general information questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale, Life Orientation Test, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were applied in the inpatients with a self-administrated survey. Results The average score was 19. 11 _＋ 8.38 for depression, 65.31 _＋ 13.19 for social support, 36. 19 ＋ 4. 45 for optimism, and 28.81 _＋ 5.96 for self-efficacy, respectively. There were significant differences in the scores of various dimensions of the scales between depressive and non-depressive group. The results of multivariate hierarchical regression analysis showed that supports from friends and society were inversely associated with depression, explaining 26. 3% of variance for depression. After adding two mediator variables in the model, optimism played an abso- lute mediate role and negatively associated with depression （β = - 0. 393, P 〈 0. 001 ）, explaining 14. 3 % of variance of depression. Self-efficacy was not a significant mediate varible. Conclusion Optimism as a mediate variable is a negative predicted factor between perceived social support and depression and could be benefit to health and mind of the inpatients.