论我国社会权宪法审查之基准

On Constitution Review of Social Rights

社会权有积极权利和消极权利两个层面,国家通过赋予主观权利的方式对社会权予以消极保障,通过法律制度性间接保障的方式以积极行动来实现反射性利益。以重要性理论为基础,西方基本权利宪法审查基准分为严格基准、宽松基准和中度基准。就社会权宪法审查而言,该理论存在着一定缺陷,可以社会权发展成熟程度和对财政能力要求为基础,建立以宪法委托为前提的自由性基准、以主观权利为前提的控制性基准以及以核心权利为前提的严格性基准,作为中国特色的社会权宪法审查基准。

Social rights have two levels, positive rights and negative rights. States regard them as subjective rights for protection and realize reflective benefits through indirect legal system safeguard. Based on importance theory, the western constitutional review benchmarks are divided into strict benchmark, moderate benchmark and loose benchmark. However, this theory is not perfect in terms of social rights. By the degree of development of social rights and the re- quirement to financial capacity, constitutional review benchmarks can be divided into three standards with Chinese char- acteristics. One is the free benchmark based on the theory of constitutional entrust ,another is the controlling benchmark based on the theory of subjective rights. The third is the strict benchmark on the premise of core social rights.