社会工作的循证实践:西方社会工作发展的新方向

Evidence-based Practice: New Development of the Western Social Work

循证实践是社会工作领域将研究者的研究证据、社会工作者的专业技能、案主的独特性三者有效整合起来的一种实践模式。它植根于社会工作初创时期对有效性的强调,肇始于循证医学,于1999年正式形成,是社会科学实践领域的"循证实践运动"的一部分。循证实践增强了社会工作的科学性,得到政府与社会大众的认可,改变了基于常识、缺乏有效监管的传统实践方式,但也存在着过于强调研究证据、导致实践艺术的技术化、可能潜在地伤害案主等问题。

Evidence -based practice in social work refers to the integration of the best available research with social workers＇ expertise in the context of client＇s characteristics, culture, and preferences. It is rooted in the em- phasis of efficiency during the early days of social work＇s development, simulated by evidence -based medicine, and formed in 1999. Evidence -based social work belongs to the evidence -based practice movement. Accepted by government and public widely, it has improved the efficiency of social work, and thus has provided an alternative to authority - based practice. However, there are some problems for evidence - based practice, such as the over - em- phasis on the research evidences, the ignorance of the art of practice, and the potent harness to the client, etc.