295例恶性肿瘤化疗患者院内感染的临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Hospital Acquired Infection in 295 Patients with Cancer Treated by Chemotherapy

目的了解恶性肿瘤接受化疗患者合并医院内获得性感染的发病特点,指导临床有效防治。方法回顾性分析295例院内感染的恶性肿瘤化疗患者的临床资料。结果 3 a内院内感染率分别为7.04%、6.01%和5.78%,呈逐年下降趋势;院内感染与年龄、性别、住院时间、糖皮质激素的使用、白细胞减少有关(P<0.05),感染病原菌以真菌及革兰氏阴性菌居多。结论恶性肿瘤患者合并院内感染的发生率较高,积极采取预防措施,减少易感因素,合理使用抗生素是关键。

Objective To study the characteristics of hospital acquired infections in patients with cancer treated by chemotherapy,and to provide the guidance for clinical prevention and treatments. Methods The clinical data of 295 cases of hospital acquired infections in patients with cancer treated by chemotherapy were analyzed retrospec-tively. Results In the recent three years,the incidences of hospital acquired infections were 7. 04% ,6. 01% and 5. 78% ,respectively. The trend was decreasing year by year. Hospital acquired infections were related with age,gen-der,length of hospitalization,use of glucocorticoid,leucopenia（P ＆lt; 0. 05）. The pathogens were mainly fungi and Gram negative bacteria. Conclusion There is a relatively higher incidence of hospital acquired infections in pa-tients with cancer and the key points of prevention lie in reducing the predisposing factors,rational use of antibiotics and taking actively prophylactic measures.