穿心莲药材不同提取方式的合理性评价

Rationality Evaluation of Different Extraction Technologies of Andrographis Herba

目的：比较不同穿心莲提取液中有效成分含量、指纹图谱和药效学活性。方法：采用减压提取法（VAE）、超声提取法（UAE）和传统提取法（HRE）制备提取液，利用HPLC对不同穿心莲提取物进行微观组分指纹图谱分析，流动相乙腈（A）-0.2%甲酸水溶液（B）梯度洗脱（0-20 min，10%-30%A；20-30 min，30%-35%A；30-40 min，35%-60%A；40-50 min，60%-85%A；50-60 min，85%-100%A），检测波长254 nm，结合DPPH自由基反应体系，考察不同工艺提取液的抗氧清除能力。结果：VAE对穿心莲药材中药效成分（穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯）提取效率显著高于传统方法。3种提取液的指纹图谱均含有17个特征峰，VAE，HRE及UAE的相似度分别为0.957，0.911，0.905。清除DPPH自由基能力强弱顺序为VAE〉UAE〉HRE，当质量浓度为20 g·L^-1时，DPPH清除率分别为44.85%，25.29%，16.58%。结论：穿心莲不同工艺提取液中药效成分不存在显著性差异。与传统提取法相比，VAE具有提取时间短、效率高、无污染等优点。VAE液对DPPH自由基清除效果优于HRE液和UAE液。

Objective： To compare active ingredients contents,HPLC fingerprints and pharmacodynamics activities of different Andrographis Herba extracts. Method： Extracts were prepared by three different extraction technologies of vacuum-assist extraction（VAE）,ultrasound-assist extraction（UAE） and heating reflux extraction（HRE）,extraction efficiencies and micro-fingerprints analysis of extracts were investigated by HPLC,taking acetonitrile（A）-0.2% formic acid（B） （0-20 min,10%-30%A;20-30 min,30%-35%A;30-40 min,35%-60%A;40-50 min,60%-85%A;50-60 min,85%-100%A） as mobile phase for gradient elution,detection wavelength was set at 254 nm.Antioxidant activities of extracts were investigated by DPPH free radical reaction system. Result： Compared with traditional methods,extraction efficiencies of active ingredients（andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide） were higher by VAE.Analysis of HPLC fingerprint showed 17 main characteristic peaks in three different extracts,similarities of VAE,HRE and UAE were 0.957,0.911 and 0.905,respectively.DPPH free radical scavenging capacity was in the order of VAE〉UAE〉HRE,when the concentration of active ingredients was 20 gL-1,DPPH clearance rates were 44.85%,25.29% and 16.58%,respectively. Conclusion： Active ingredients in different extracts of Andrographis Herba had no significant differences.Compared with traditional extracting methods,VAE had advantages,such as short extraction time,high efficiency,no pollution and so on.Scavenging effect of VAE solution on DPPH radical was better than HRE extract and UAE extract.