晚期奥斯曼帝国的教育世俗化改革及其意义

An analysis on the Education Reform and its Significance of the Late Ottoman Empire

奥斯曼帝国曾经是一个雄踞三洲的封建军事大国,但苏莱曼大帝之后日渐衰落。为了帝国的强大不被灭亡,它曾试图自我改造,富国强兵。首先进行了一系列的军事改革,随之而来的是教育世俗化改革。教育改革遇到了宗教保守势力的强烈反对,另外由于资金短缺,人才匮乏等诸多因素,也影响了改革的进展。但是改革为凯末尔总统共和国时代的世俗化教育打下了坚实的基础,意义重大,影响深远。

The Ottoman Empire was a feudal military power of dominating the three continents in the history, but It was declining after Sutlan Suleiman. In order to stop declining, the empire carried out a series of military reforms. followed by the education reform, which encountered strong opposition from conservative religious forces. The progress of the reform was also affected by lack of funds, personnel, and many other factors. The reform, however, still has the great significance and far-reaching impact. The late Ottoman education reform is basically the process of Westernization, andit has laid a solid foundation for secular education of the era of the Republic .This article aims to trace the education reform process and its impact of the late Ottoman Empire.