移栽时间对烤烟光合特性、产量和品质的影响

Effects of Transplanting Time on Photosynthesis Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为了明确潍坊烟区NC55品种适宜的移栽时间,试验设置了4个移栽时间处理(5月2日、5月12日、5月22日、6月1日),以调查移栽时间对烤烟生长发育、光合特性、叶绿素代谢酶活性、经济性状及感官评吸质量的影响。结果表明,移栽时间显著影响烤烟生长、光合特性和叶绿素代谢酶活性。与5月2日移栽相比,推迟移栽缩短了烤烟生长的伸根期、旺长期和采收期,从而缩短了大田生育期。随移栽时间推迟,旺长期、平顶期叶绿素含量和净光合速率显著提高,叶绿素酶和脱镁螯合酶活性显著降低,叶片长宽和单叶重增加;成熟期叶绿素含量和净光合速率显著降低,叶绿素酶和脱镁螯合酶活性显著提高;烟叶均价、上等烟叶比例和烟叶感官评吸质量呈先增加后降低趋势,以5月12日移栽最高,5月22日移栽次之。因此,建议生产上适当推迟移栽,潍坊烟区以5月12日前后移栽至5月22日结束为宜。

To identify the most suitable transplanting time of NC55 in Weifang, A field experiment was conducted with fourtransplanting time treatments （05/02, 05/12, 05/22, 06/01） to evaluate its effect on growth, photosynthesis characteristics, chlorophyllmetabolism enzyme activity, economical character and sensory evaluation in flue-cured tobacco. The results showed thattransplanting time had significant effect on growth, photosynthesis characteristics and chlorophyll metabolism enzyme activity influe-cured tobacco. Compared to 05/02 transplanting, later transplanting shortened its root elongation, vigorous growth and pickingstages, thus its growth duration decreased. As the transplanting time delayed, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic ratesignificantly increased but Chlase and MDCase activity decreased in vigorous growth and topping stages. But reverse trends wereobserved in maturing stage. As the transplanting time delay, the rate between tobacco average price and upper-middle-tobacco leavesincreased first and decreased afterwards, while sensory and taste quality of flue-cured tobacco showed the opposite trend. Sotransplanting time of tobacco production may be delayed up to May 12 to May 22 in Weifang.