1Kathleen YK. Tracheostomy tube changes to prevent formation of granulation tissue. The Laryngoscope ,2003,113(1):1- 10.
2Lynne C . Caring for the patient with tracheostomy, J Adv Nurs ,2003,51 (2): 141 - 143 .
3Bruno F . Complications of Tracheostomy Perfomed in ICU. Clinical investigation in critical care, 2003,7 (3):151- 158.
4Laws - Chapmen C. Guidelines for the care of patients with Tracheostomy Tubes. St Gorge' s Healthcare NHS Trust ,2000,13(3) :1- 4.
5Tina D . Tracheal suctioning. an exploration of nurses Knowledge and competence in acute and high dependence ward areas. J Adv Nurs,2002,39(1) :35- 45 .
6Adam S. Critical Care Nursing: Science and Practice .Oxford: Oxford university Press,2002. 212- 216.
