人精子顶体内顶体蛋白酶和透明质酸酶对男性生育力的影响

The influence of acrosome enzyme and hyaluronidase in human sperm acrosome on male fertility

目的：探讨人精子顶体内酶对男性生育力的影响。方法参照世界卫生组织标准方法对52例不育症患者、12名正常生育者[正常生育组，精子密度为（50～100）×10^9/L、精子活动率为60％～90％]进行精液常规分析。不育组按精子密度不同分为B1（＜20×10^9/L）、C1（20×10^9～40×10^9/L）及D1（＞40×10^9/L）3组；按精子活动率不同分为B2（＜30％）、C2（30％～50％）及D2（＞50％）3组]。采用改良明胶底物膜法和改良透明质酸钠-明胶底物膜法分别检测精子顶体内顶体蛋白酶（ACE）活性（ACE阳性反应率、ACE活性强度）和透明质酸酶（HYD）活性（HYD阳性反应率、HYD活性强度）。结果精子ACE活性（ACE阳性反应率、ACE活性强度）与精子密度、活动率、形态畸形率明显相关[相关系数（r）分别为0．797、0．867，0．831、0．860和-0．625、-0．546， P均＜0．01]；精子HYD活性（HYD阳性反应率、HYD活性强度）与精子密度、活动率、形态畸形率明显相关[r值分别为0．832、0．855，0．842、0．830和-0．625、-0．554，P均＜0．01]。不育各组精子形态畸形率明显高于正常生育组（P＜0．01）。C1组、D1组和 C2组、D2组 ACE 活性（ACE 阳性反应率、ACE 活性强度）、HYD 活性（HYD阳性反应率、HYD活性强度）明显低于正常生育组（P＜0．01）。各组酶活性随精子密度及活动率增加而上升。结论精子ACE、HYD活性的检测可作为一种有效的判断生育力的检测指标。

Objective To investigate the influence of enzymes in human sperm acrosome on male fertility. Methods According to the World Health Organization standard method,52 cases were enrolled as infertile group,and 12 cases were enrolled as normal control group[sperm density （50-100）×109/L and sperm motility 60%-90%],and semen routine analysis was performed.According to the density of sperm,the infertile group was classified into infertile group B1（〈20 ×10^9/L）,C1（20 ×10^9-40 ×10^9/L）and D1（〉40 ×10^9/L）,and according to the motility of sperm, the infertile group was classified into infertile group B2 （〈30%）,C2 （30%-50%）and D2 （〉50%）.The positive reaction rate and activity intensity of acrosome enzyme （ACE）were detected by fixed gelatin substrate film technique . The positive reaction rate and activity intensity of hyaluronidase （HYD）were detected by modified sodium hyaluronate-gelatin membrane.Results There was a significant correlation between the positive reaction rate and activity intensity of ACE with sperm density,sperm motility and sperm deformity rate [correlation coefficients （r）were 0.797,0.867;0.831,0.860 and -0.625,-0.546,P〈0.01].There was a significant correlation between the positive reaction rate and activity intensity of HYD with sperm density,sperm motility and sperm deformity rate （r were 0.832,0.855;0.842,0.830 and -0.625,-0.554,P〈0.01）.The sperm deformity rate in infertile group was higher than that in normal control group （P〈0.01）.The positive reaction rates and activity intensities of ACE and HYD in infertile group C1,D1 and C2,D2 were significantly lower than those in normal control group （P〈0.01）.The activity of enzymes increased with the sperm density and motility.Conclusions The detections of sperm ACE and HYD are effective parameters for the analysis of male fertility.