核心专利及其识别方法综述

Summary of Core Patent and Its Identification Methods

首先总结提炼出核心专利的主要特征,即具有原创性、不可替代性、原理设计科学优化及蕴含着重大战略意义;其次,还厘清了核心专利与相关概念的关系,如核心技术、重要专利、一般专利、外围专利等;最后,通过文献调研,对比分析和分类统计等方法,归纳总结出目前常用的识别核心专利的方法可分为专家智慧法、单一指标法、指标组合法和指标体系法,并发现指标组合和指标体系法越来越被重视。而具体的识别指标来自专利的技术属性、法律属性、商业属性和受重视程度等四个角度,通过比较分析各指标的查全性、准确性及可操作性,研究得出最主要的识别指标有专利被引频次、专利同族家族数量、申请人和发明人数量等。

Firstly, this study summarizes the traits of the core patent, which includes originality, irreplaceability, scientific and optimal principles of design and with great strategic significance. Secondly, the definition of core patent and some related concepts are clarified in this paper, such as the core technology, important patent, general patent and peripheral patent and so on. Finally, this paper studies the common measures and indexes used by domestic and foreign experts and scholars. By literature research, comparative analysis and classifi- cation statistics, it is found that there are four measures to identify the core patents, including Delphi method, single indicator method, index combination method and the index system method. What＇ s more, the index combination method and the index system method are increasingly highly rained. While the specific identification indicators come from four angles of the patented technology attributes, legal attributes, commercial properties, and the degree of attention-attractive. By studying the accuracy, comprehensiveness and operational feature of each index, it is showed that the most important three identifying indicators are the count of cited, the number of patent families and the number of inventors and applicants.