模因论视角下群体类流行语的词缀化

The Affixation of Group-indicating Catchwords: A Memetic Perspective

近年来出现了不少表示群体称谓的流行语。它们的意义有某种程度的虚化和泛化,构词能力强,定位于后位,有标志词性的作用,是由原来的词语变异成的类词缀。从模因论的角度看,群体类流行语是语言模因,其词缀化的过程就是模因在复制传播过程中发生的变异,这个过程发生在模因生命的四个周期中,即同化、记忆、表达和传播。群体类流行语变异的动因一方面是语言模因在竞争中生存的内在需要,另一方面是因为满足了社会发展的需要,符合了人的认知心理需求。

Recent years see the emergence of many catchwords which are used to indicate a certain group of peo- ple. Their meaning has faded to some extent; they can better combine with other words; their position is fixed at the end ; and they can reconcile their part of speech with that of the other part of the compound word. From the per- spective of memetics, they are linguistic memes, whose affixation is considered as language variation in the process of meme duplication. This process consists of four stages of meme life cycle, i.e. assimilation, retention, expres- sion and transmission. The factors causing the variation are, on one hand, memes＇ interior need of surviving the competition, and on the other hand, the need to cater to the social development and human cognition and psychol- ogy.