饮茶与女性乳腺癌易感性的病例对照研究

Tea drinking and susceptibility to breast cancer: case-control study

目的探讨饮茶与乳腺癌易感性的关联。方法采用以医院为基础的病例对照研究，对中山大学2所附属医院2012年4月至2013年9月间确诊的乳腺癌患者（464例）和同时期同医院就诊的其他非肿瘤患者（464例），调查其社会人口学特征、膳食习惯、月经生育史、疾病及家族史、生活方式和体力活动情况。采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析饮茶与乳腺癌易感性的关联。结果464例病例组和464例对照组的平均年龄分别为（46．78±10．36）和（46．58±10．84）岁，其中219例（47．2％）病例和263名（56．7％）对照经常饮茶。Logistic回归模型中调整了年龄、家庭收入、体力活动、被动吸烟、饮用咖啡、一级亲属乳腺癌史、良性乳腺癌病史，结果显示饮茶与乳腺癌存在负相关（OR=0．74，95％CI为0．56—0．97），且随着饮茶频次或饮茶量的增加，女性患乳腺癌的危险性逐渐降低（均P趋势〈0．01）。不同饮茶类型与乳腺癌关系的结果显示，饮乌龙茶与乳腺癌易感性存在负相关（OR=0．62，95％CI为0．42～0．93），并且随着饮乌龙茶量的增加，患乳腺癌危险降低（P趋势〈0．05）。按绝经状态分层分析，仪发现饮茶与绝经后女性乳腺癌易感性存在负相关（OR=0．58，95％CI为0．36—0．94）。结论饮茶对女性乳腺癌具有保护作用，此作用仅限于饮乌龙茶女性和绝经后女性。

Objective To examine the association between tea drinking and susceptibility to breast cancer. Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. Breast cancer cases （n =464） and nontumorous patients （ n = 464 ） were recruited from two affiliated hospitals of Sun Yat-sen University be- tween April 2012 and September 2013. Each individual was interviewed with a questionnaire including so- cio-demographic factors, dietary habits, menstrual and reproductive histories, disease and family histories, living habits and physical activity. A multivariate unconditional logistic regression model was used to esti- mate the association between tea drinking and breast cancer risk. Results The average age for cases was （46. 78 ± 10. 36） years （ mean ± SD） and for controls （46. 58± 10. 84） years. Two hundred and nineteen cases （47. 2% ） and 263 controls （56. 7% ） had the habit of often drinking tea. The logistic regression an- alyses were adjusted for age, family income, physical activity, passive smoking, coffee drinking, family history of breast cancer in a first-degree relatives, and history of benign breast disease. A significant nega- tive association was found between tea drinking and breast cancer risk （OR =0. 74; 95% C1, 0. 56 - 0. 97 ）. The frequency and amount of tea drinking had dose-response relationships with breast cancer risk （ all Ptrend 〈 0. 01 ）. Further analyses revealed that only oolong tea drinking had a negative association with breast cancer risk （ OR = 0. 62 ; 95% CI, 0. 42 - 0. 93 ）, and the risk decreased with the increased amount of oolong drinking （ Ptrend 〈 0. 05 ）. Stratified analysis by menopausal status showed that the significant neg-ative association between tea drinking and breast cancer risk were found in postmenopausal women （ OR = 0. 58; 95% CI, 0. 36 -0. 94）. Conclusion Tea drinking was negatively associated with breast cancer risk. This potential protective effect may be restricted to oolong tea drinking women and postmenopausal women.