农牧区人群高血压防治模式干预效果研究

The intervention effects of prevention and treatment modes of hypertension in people living in agricultural and pastoral areas

目的:对农牧区高血压患者实施A、B两种降压模式干预,比较其干预效果,以期探索出一套农牧区高血压防治的有效模式。方法:入选新疆农牧区高血压患者1 445例,采用患者自愿选择的方式分别进入A、B两种降压模式治疗。随访和记录两种模式干预患者在降压治疗过程中血压、心率、血脂、血糖等指标的变化和心脑血管事件及不良事件的发生情况,比较A、B两种降压模式实施效果。结果:(1)87.07%的患者选择了A降压模式治疗(A组),仅12.93%的患者选择了B降压治疗模式(B组)。(2)A、B组患者的血压控制率分别为70.71%、68.75%,组间差异无统计学意义。(3)降压治疗第12个月,A、B组患者的收缩压平均降低幅度分别为(19.09±20.33)、(14.14±17.85)mmHg,组间差异具有统计学意义;舒张压平均降低幅度分别为(11.17±13.23)、(8.17±11.17)mmHg,组间差异无统计学意义。结论 :A降压模式能够有效地控制新疆农牧区高血压患者血压水平。

Objective To explore an effective mode for the prevention and control of hypertension in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang by comparing the effect of mode A with that of B in blood pressure-lowering treatment. Methods 1445 patients with hypertension in agricultural and pastoral areas were included in this study. They voluntarily received mode A or B blood pressure-lowering treatment. The changes in heart rate, blood pressure, lipid, and glucose, and the incidences of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and adverse events were noted ; and the effect of modes A and B was compared. Results 87.07% of the patients chose mode A group, while 12.93% chose mode B. The rate of pressure control was 70.71% in mode A group and 68.75% in mode B group, with no significant statistical difference （P 〉 0.05）. In 12th month of treatment, the decreased level of systolic pressure was （19.09 ± 20.33 ）mmHg in the group with mode A and （14.14 ± 17.85 ） mmHg in the group with mode B, showing a significant statistical difference between the two groups （P = 0.047）; and the declined level of diastolic pressure was （11.17 ± 13.23）mmHg and （8.17 ± 11.17） mmHg, respectively, with no significant statistical difference. Conclusion Mode A blood pressure-lowering treatment can effectively control blood pressure in hypertensive patients living in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang.