细菌感染显像剂的研究进展

Advances in research of imaging agents for bacterial infection

细菌感染显像剂是利用一些示踪基团(如放射性核素及荧光染料)标记对细菌具有特异性识别作用的导向物,通过检测示踪信号定位细菌感染部位。到目前为止,针对细菌内的特异性位点(如细胞壁、酶、受体等)研制和开发了一系列细菌感染显像剂(包括核素标记的抗生素、噬菌体、抗菌肽、核苷及荧光染料标记的糖类等),这些显像剂能在细菌感染部位高度特异性聚集,有望应用于临床早期诊断细菌感染。本文对这些细菌感染显像剂的种类、浓集机制及研究现状进行了概述,并在此基础上,总结了理想细菌感染显像剂所应具有的特征,为进一步研究和开发新的细菌感染显像剂提供参考。

Imaging agents for bacterial infection are composed of some tracer groups including radionuclides and fluorescent dyes conjugated to some guides which specifically target bacteria. By detecting the tracer signals, bacterial infection sites can be positioned. So far, on the basis of the specific binding sites of bacteria （such as cell wall, enzyme and receptor）, a lot of imaging agents are constructed for bacterial infection. These agents include radiolabelled antibiotics, bacteriophage, antimicrobial peptides, nucleosides and nucleoside analogs and fluorochrome labeled sugars. They are promising to detect clinical infection disease for their highly specifically accumulation in the infection sites, but not in the non-bacterial induced inflammation sites and normal tissues. Here we reviewed the types, imaging mechanisms and the latest progress of these imaging agents for bacterial infection. Based on this, characteristics of ideal imaging agents for bacterial infection are also summarized, and it can be useful for further study and development of new imaging agents.