关于疼痛的外显和内隐性别角色期望研究(英文)

Implicit and Explicit Gender Role Expectations of Pain among College Students in China

目的:考察中国人关于疼痛的外显和内隐性别角色期望特征。方法:名健康大学生作为研究对象,其中女性48人,男性44人,分别通过关于疼痛的性别角色期望问卷和外部情绪性Simon任务测量其关于疼痛的外显和内隐性别角色期望。结果:在外显态度测量中,无论是女性还是男性被试均认为,相对于男性,女性的疼痛临界点更低、疼痛耐受力更低、表达疼痛倾向更高。在内隐态度测量中,男性与高疼痛耐受力或低疼痛敏感性的内隐联结在男性和女性被试的测量结果中均体现出来,但是,女性与低疼痛耐受力或高疼痛敏感性的内隐联结仅仅在男性被试的测量结果中体现出来,女性被试的测量结果中没有表现出相应的内隐联结。结论:研究证实了中国女性关于疼痛的外显和内隐女性性别角色期望存在分离的现象。

Objective： Gender role expectations of pain（GREP） are reflected by individuals＇ attitudes towards sex differ- ences in pain perception. The aim of the present study was to examine the feature of the Chinese implicit and explicit gen- der role attitudes of pain. Methods： Explicit and implicit attitudes of 92 Chinese undergraduates to social expectations in pain were investigated using GREP questionnaire and the Extrinsic Affective Simon Task（EAST）. Results： The results of GREP investigation were congruent with Robinson, Riley III and Myers（2001）. Both male and female participants agreed ex- plicitly that typical woman have a lower pain threshold, lower pain tolerance and higher willingness to report pain than typi- cal man. In EAST test, there was a significant association between men and low frequency of pain reports in both male and female participants. Interestingly, the association between women and high frequency of pain reports was only found among male participants. No such effect was found among female participants. Conclusion： The results suggested that there was dissociation between explicit and implicit GREP toward women among female participants. The results of implicit attitude measurement may provide a more specific GREP towards men and women.