低自尊个体的注意偏向特征:呈现方位和刺激材料的影响

Attentional Bias among Individuals with Low Self-esteem:the Influence of Positions and Materials

目的:以低自尊个体对拒绝性信息的注意偏向为基础,考察点探测范式中不同呈现方位和刺激材料对注意偏向是否产生影响。方法:采用Rosenberg自尊量表(SES)筛选出自尊低分组的20名学生作为被试,采用点探测任务,研究低自尊个体对拒绝性、中性刺激的注意偏向。结果:低自尊个体对拒绝性刺激的反应时显著长于中性刺激;刺激材料上下呈现的反应时显著长于左右呈现;词语材料的反应时显著长于情绪面孔图片。结论:低自尊个体对拒绝性信息的注意偏向主要表现为注意的解脱困难;刺激材料左右呈现是区分低自尊个体注意偏向的有效呈现方位;面孔表情图片是区分低自尊个体注意偏向更有效的实验材料。

Objective： Using a dot-probe paradigm, to find the influence of different positions and materials on atten- tional bias to rejective information in low self-esteem subjects. Methods： 20 students were selected by using the SES scale and were required to execute a dot-probe task with social rejection cues. Results： The result showed that the response time to social rejection cues was significantly longer than that of neutral stimuli in low self-esteem subjects. Compared with top- bottom position, left-fight position is more sensitive in probe detection task to distinguish subjects＇ attentional bias. This trend was more significant when emotional face was used as stimuli, suggesting students with low-esteem was more sensi- tive to emotional face than words. Conclusion： These findings suggest that attentional bias in low self-esteem participants may reflect a difficulty in disengaging from rejecting information. Word presented in left-fight position is the best way in probe detection task to distinguish subjects＇ attentional bias. Moreover, the facial expression pictures were more sensitive materials than words to the attentional bias in low self-esteem participants.