课外时间分配与父母陪伴对青少年心理健康的影响

Impacts of Time Allocation and Companionship by Parents on Psychological Health of Adolescents

目的:探讨我国青少年课外时间分配、父母陪伴及其交互作用对心理健康(抑郁、外化问题)的影响。方法:采用中国科学院心理研究所全国青少年心理健康数据库2009年横断数据,对其中4394名六年级至高三学生(男50.04%,年龄15.45±2.39岁)数据进行分析。青少年时间分配问卷由青少年报告;抑郁和外化问题问卷由青少年自评;家庭收入由家长报告。结果:青少年课外时间分配和父母陪伴对抑郁情绪和外化问题有显著预测作用,同时,课外时间分配与父母陪伴交互作用能显著预测青少年抑郁和外化行为问题。结论:课外活动时间的合理分配对青少年的抑郁和外化问题有重要影响,父母陪伴对青少年课外活动影响青少年心理健康发展有着重要的调节作用。

Objective： This paper is to discuss impact on psychological health（depression and externalizing problems） by extracurricular time allocation of Chinese adolescents and their parents companionship and the interaction between them. Methods： The study analyzes the subjects of 4394 from sixth grade to high school students（male 50.04%, age 15.45＋ 2.39 years）, based on the cross-sectional data of Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences on national youth mental health database in 2009. The questionnaires included ＂Teenage time allocation＂, Center of the depression scale CES-D and adolescent behavior problems estimated by teenagers themselves. Family income was reported by parents. Re- suits： Adolescents extracurricular time allocation and parental company can be used to predict depression and externaliz- ing problems, and their interaction can be used to predict depression and externalizing problems simultaneously. Conclu- sion： The reasonable extracurricular activity time allocation of adolescents impacts on depression and externalizing prob- lems. Accompanied by parents in extracurricular time have moderating effect on mental health of teenagers.