婚姻不忠:美国近六十年的研究成果和走向

Marital Infidelity:Research Outcomes and Implications Over the Last Sixty Years in America

婚姻不忠,也称婚外恋,出轨,外遇等,指已婚者对除配偶以外的异性(或同性)产生亲密行为和/或情感卷入的现象。近年来,这一现象在中国社会逐渐增加,成为婚姻的主要威胁,但国内相关的心理学研究较少。文章立足于心理学研究的视野,对美国近六十年婚姻不忠的研究成果进行梳理和述评,从婚姻不忠的研究历史、研究方法、预测性因素、过程性因素、沉淀性因素、保持性因素、不忠的暴露、不忠后的反应以及不忠后的干预等方面进行详细的介绍,以期对中国的婚姻不忠研究提供借鉴和参考。

Marital infidelity（extramarital affairs） is construed as sexual and/or emotional involvement between married persons with partners outside of the marriage relationship. Recently, marital infidelity has been in an increasing trend in China, and becoming one of the main threats to marriage stability. However, relevant psychological research in the field remains scarce. This article reviewed related researches in America during the past 60 years. The review covered the history of this research, the methods mainly used, those general factors affecting marital infidelity, the personal or specific processes most likely involved, the acutely precipitating factors, factors that work to keep the unfaithful behavior in continuation, actions and reactions from both the unfaithful and the spouse to the disclosure of infidelity, the individual＇ s longer-term response to the infidelity, and the intervention models. In addition, this article discussed some directions for future research.