文化、地理与制度三重距离对中国进出口贸易的影响——来自32个国家和地区进出口贸易的经验数据

The Influence of Cultural,Geographical and Institutional Distance on China's Import and Export Trade:An Empirical Test of the Trade Data with 32 Countries or Regions

文章在Hofstede文化五维度理论和“全球治理指数”的基础上，运用中国大陆与其他32个国家或地区2002～2011年进出口贸易经验数据，实证检验了文化、地理与制度三重距离对中国进出口贸易的影响。研究结果表明：（1）文化距离、地理距离与制度距离对中国进出口贸易均具有阻碍作用，其中文化距离的影响最大．而地理与制度距离的影响相对较小。（2）中国的进口贸易更易受到地理距离的影响．而中国的出口贸易则更容易受到文化距离的影响：制度距离对中国进出口贸易的影响相对较弱。（3）除中国与其他国家或地区的地理距离固定不变外，中国与其他国家或地区的文化和制度距离不仅随时间变化而变化。而且存在显著差异性。

Based on Hofstede＇ s cultural theory of five dimensions and ＂Worldwide Governance Indicators＂, and using the trade data of China and other 32 countries or regions from 2002 to 2011, the paper empirically tests the impact of cultural, geographical and institutional distance on the import and export trade of China. It shows that the cultural, geographical and institutional distance all hampers the development of China＇s multinational trade, and the cultural distance has the biggest influence while the other two have a relatively small impact; the import of China is more highly influenced by the geographical distance while the export is more susceptible to the cultural distance, and the influence of institutional distance on Chinese import and export trade is relatively weak; except that the geographical distance is fixed, the cultural distance and the institutional distance between China and other countries or regions vary with time, and have significant differences.