我国六价铬淡水水生生物安全基准推导研究

Derivation of Freshwater Quality Criteria for Hexavalent Chromium for Protection of Aquatic Organisms in China

参照美国国家环境保护局(USEPA)"推导保护水生生物及其用途的国家水质基准的技术指南"的程序和规范,筛选了我国广泛存在的淡水水生生物物种,收集现有的急性和慢性毒性数据,结合课题组实验得到的部分本土生物毒性数据,分别采用物种敏感度排序法(SSR)、物种敏感度分布法(SSD)以及澳大利亚的水质基准技术方法对我国六价铬的淡水水生生物安全基准进行了推导。获得了我国淡水水生生物的六价铬的双值基准,3种方法得到的基准最大浓度(CMC)分别为23.97、22.84、29.06μg·L-1,基准连续浓度(CCC)分别为14.63、10.35、9.00μg·L-1,在同一个数量级上,但与美国的基准值有一些差异,建议使用SSD法推导CMC值和CCC值。研究结果可为我国水质基准的制定提供一些有用的基础资料。

According to the methods and procedures of surface water quality criteria established by UnitedStates Environmental Protection Agency （USEPA） （Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water QualityCriteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, 1985）, the aquatic species existing widely inChina were selected, and their toxicity data were collected from database and acquired from our research onsome native species. The aquatic quality criteria of hexavalent chromium in China were derived using threemethods： species sensitivity rank （SSR）, species sensitivity distribution （SSD） and the method of criteria devel-opment recommended by Australia. Results showed that the criteria maximum concentration （CMC） value ofhexavalent chromium were 23.97, 22.84, 29.06 μg·-1and the criteria continuous concentration （CCC） value were14.63, 10.35, 9.00 μg·-1, respectively. The criteria values were of the same order of magnitude. The criteria proposed in this study had a little difference from the criteria launched by USEPA. We suggest using SSD method to derive CMC value and CCC value. The results of this study might provide some useful clues and data for the development of China＇ s water quality criteria