2008-2012年武鸣县疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Monitoring of adverse events following immunization in Wuming county during 2008- 2012

目的了解武鸣县疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,评价疫苗的安全性,改善预防接种服务质量。方法采用描述性分析方法对武鸣县发生的AEFI进行流行病学分析。结果武鸣县在2008-2012年共报告AEFI病例76例,累计发生率为6.61/10万,男性多于女性,<1岁儿童占47.36%。AEFI报告发生率居前3位的疫苗是两个不同公司生产的23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗和卡介苗,其中一般反应占38.16%、异常反应占47.37%、心因性反应占3.95%。治愈病例占90.79%,好转病例占9.21%。AEFI监测系统及时报告率97.37%,个案报告完整率100.00%。结论疫苗自身安全性良好,全县AEFI疫情上报及时、完整,监测体系走上正轨,今后应继续加强预防接种人员在发生AEFI后合理解释、规范处置等方面的培训,提高预防接种服务质量。

Objective To evaluate the safety of vaccine and to improve the quality of vaccination services by in- vestigating occurrence characteristics of Adverse Events Following Immunization （AEFI） in Wuming county. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was applied to analyze the incidences of AEFI. Results 76 AEFI cases were reported during 2008 - 2012, the cumulative incidence rate was 6.61 per 100000, there were more males than females. 47.36% were children younger than one year old. The top three vaccines leading to AEFI were 23 - valent PCV produced by two different companies and BCG. The common reactions were 38.16% , the abnormal reactions were 47.37% , the psychogenic reactions were 3.95%. 90. 79% of cases were cured and 9.21% of cases were improved. The timely reporting rate of AEFI monitoring system was 97.37% , and the case report integrity rate was 100%. Conclusions The vaccine showed good safety and the epidemic situation of AEFI was reported timely and completely, monitoring system was on track, after occurring AEFI, the reasonable explanation, regulate disposal and other aspects of training for vaccinators should be strengthened, to improve the quality of vaccination services in the future.