孔子正名说的马克思主义诠释考论

An Interpretation of Confucian Zhengming by Marxists

正名是孔子的重要思想,马克思主义者在对传统文化进行批判和改造时也对这一思想进行了研究。早在20世纪30年代,吕振羽、陈伯达和毛泽东等人就已经确立了研究孔子正名思想的范式,提出孔子思想在政治上是正封建秩序之名的保守主义,在哲学上是以名为第一性的唯心论。这一范式的影响非常大,从建国后一直到90年代都不乏因袭者。然而,80年代以来,一些研究者逐渐意识到孔子正名所特有的儒家文化内涵,从而对传统的理解范式进行了一些有益的修正,而这种修正又与当代新儒家的看法有不谋而合之处。

Zhengming is one of the Confucius’most important thoughts, which has been studied by Marxists while they were criticizing and reforming traditional culture. Early in 1930s, the normal formula of studying Zhengming was established by Lu Zhenyu, Chen Boda and Mao Zedong. They claimed that Confucius is politically conservative to rectify feudal orders, which is philosophy of idealism to take name as priority. This paradigm had such great influence that there are many followers from the founding of the People’s Republic of China to 1990s. However, since 1980s, researchers have gradually realized the unique Confucius culture connotation embodied in Zhengming, from which some instructive amendment can be conducted, and this amendment has just happened to agree with the con-temporary new Confucianism thoughts.