《广义南非黑人经济振兴法》实施效果分析

The Analysis about Implementation Effect of South Africa Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment

南非废除种族隔离制度后,新政府出台了一系列政策来提高黑人在社会和经济上的地位,其中较有代表性的是《广义黑人经济振兴法》。本文通过对该法案内容及实施过程的描述,评析其实施以来对南非的影响,发现法案实施之后,南非经济总量持续增加,受益人群逐渐扩大,黑人收入上升明显,地位日渐提高,对南非社会影响深远;但问题也同样严重,黑人群体的贫富差距和失业仍在加剧,犯罪率上升,艾滋病泛滥,新的社会问题逐渐浮现,法案缺陷明显。

After abolishment of the apartheid in South Africa, the new government put forward a series of policies to improve the social and economic status of the blacks, in which the Broad Black Economic Empowerment Act is of more representative. By displaying the executive process of the Act, this paper aims to evaluate the impact of it on the South Africa. It proves that after the implementation of the Act, South Africa has enjoyed a constant economic development, an expanding beneficiary population, the significantly increased income and status of blacks, all of which have had a deep impact on the South African society already. But serious problems remain at the same time. AIDS floods, the gap between rich and poor expands, the unemployment and crime rate of blacks goes up, suggesting some obvious defects of the policy.