“圣战派萨拉菲”在中亚的活动及其影响

Activities and Influences of Salafi- Jihadists in Central Asia

2011年以来,中亚地区接连发生由"圣战派萨拉菲"实施的恐怖袭击事件,严重威胁该地区安全并引起广泛关注。"圣战派萨拉菲"在中亚的活动具有以社会下层为动员对象、缺乏统一组织、以强力部门为主要攻击目标等特征。高加索和中东"圣战派萨拉菲"对中亚同伙的影响、"阿拉伯之春"的溢出效应、"基地"组织的分化组合、对哈萨克斯坦政府宗教政策的报复等因素是造成中亚"圣战派萨拉菲"活动增多的重要原因。中亚"圣战派萨拉菲"的活动不仅影响中亚各国的反恐及反极端主义政策,也是对上海合作组织和独联体集体安全条约组织等的严重挑战,更会对中国西北安全构成严重威胁。

Central Asia has suffered successive terrorist attacks launched by Salafi- jihadists which threatens the regional security. Four factors contribute significantly to the increase of the Salafi- jihadists' activities in Central Asia,namely the impact of Salafi- jihadists in the Caucasus and the Middle East,the spillover effect of'the Arab Spring',the splits and realignments of the Al- Qaeda,and the thirsting for revenge on the Kazakhstan Government due to its religious policy. The activities of Salafi- jihadists in Central Asia not only undermine anti- terrorism and anti- extremism policies in the region,but also severely challenge the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Collective Security Treaty Organization,and even constitute a serious threat to the security of northwest China.