列宁对社会主义宏观经济管理体制的早期探索及当代启示

Lenin's Early Exploration of Socialistic Macroeconomic Management System and Modern Enlightenment

十月革命胜利后的初期,特别是在"战时共产主义"时期,列宁从马克思主义经典原理出发,创立了人类历史上第一个高度集权的社会主义宏观经济管理体制。这一体制虽然适应了战争需要,但在和平建设时期行不通,列宁转而实行新经济政策,推行了以"上面实行集中,下面实行自由"为架构的社会主义宏观经济管理体制改革,创立了一个集权与分权相结合、计划管理与市场作用相结合的社会主义宏观经济管理新体制,为当代社会主义宏观经济管理体制改革开辟了思想源头。

In the early stages after the victory of the October Revolution, especially in the ＂War Time Communism＂ period, Lenin created from the classical Marxist principle a highly centralized system of socialistic mailagement, an unprecedented one in the human history. However it did not work in the period of peaceful construction time. Afterwards Lenin turned to the implementation of the new economic policy, in which he pointed out ＂centralization in the upper structure, and free trade for the lower structure＂. By this thinking, Lenin reformed a new system of social- management, combinations of centralization with decentralization and planned management with market economy, which has enriched and created a new source for the contemporary reform on socialistic management system.