人力资本对中国城乡差距影响的实证分析

An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Human Capital on the Gap between Urban and Rural Areas of China

作为典型的二元经济结构,中国人力资本也呈现出二元特征,这导致城乡居民的收入和消费存在较大的差距。本文分别从食品支出、教育投资支出、医疗保健支出这三个方面来对中国城乡人力资本状况进行实证分析,从中得出人力资本投资对缩小收入差距、促进收入分配的平等化具有重要的现实意义。要缩小城乡差距,扩大城乡居民的消费需求,推进城乡统筹发展,要以提升农村劳动者的人力资本水平为保证。

As a typical dual economic structure,human capital in China shows the binary economy struc-ture as well,which leads to the bigger gap between the income and consumption of urban and rural resi-dents.This paper takes the empirical method to analyze the current situation of Chinese human capital in urban and rural areas,based on the food expenditure,education investment and health care expenditure.It can be concl ude that the human capital investment is benefit to narrow the income gap and promote equality of income dis-tribution.Therefore,in order to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas,to expand the consumption de-mand of urban,and rural residents,and to achieve a balanced development of urban and rural economy,the human capital level of rural laborers should be ensured to improve.