道德的虚拟与虚拟的道德——网络伦理学探析

The Loss and Reconstruction of Morality in the Virtual World——Analysis of Network Ethics

互联网所创生的网络空间,使得网民成为"隐身人",网络行为、网络关系和网络社区都被虚拟化。这就使得现实世界的道德规范失去原有的效用。从而导致网络不道德行为盛行,"网灾"十分严重。那么构建一套符合网络时代特性的网络伦理学就迫在眉睫。虚拟界的道德与实在界的道德,既有相同之处,也有差异,前者是一个新兴的领域,因此在构建时既可以参照后者,继承传统美德、推广道德教育、培育"慎独"意识、确立道德金规则,又具有创新性与独特性,大胆地进行方法论创新,探索新的研究方法,寻求可行的"以网治网""借实治虚"模式,塑造出一门新的伦理学理论范式与实践模式。

With the creation of cyberspace, Intemet users become ＂ invisible man＂, and the network behavior, network rela- tionship and network community virtual. This leads to the loss of the moral norm and the prevalence of unethical behavior in the virtual world, and ＂network disaster＂ is very serious. Thus, it is imminent to construct network ethics that fits in network era. Moral ethics of the virtual world is an emerging field, it shares similarities with that of the real world but has its own characteris- tics. Therefore, in constructing network ethics, we can refer to the latter, namely, inheriting the traditional virtues, promoting moral education, cultivating self - discipline and establishing moral rules of cyberspace. On the other hand, innovative and initi- ative efforts are vital to explore new research methods and seek feasible self - governing modes of the virtual world, so as to cre- ate a new theory paradigm and practice model of ethics.