技术设计的创新方法与伦理考量——弗里德曼的价值敏感设计方法论述评

Innovative Approaches and Ethical Considerations of Technical Design——A Review on B.Friedman’s Value Sensitive Design

价值敏感设计是一种关于技术设计的创新理论方法,它从价值与技术设计相互作用的角度辩证地看待技术设计和社会环境,采用概念、经验和技术调查的三重研究方法,强调技术设计过程中道德价值的输入,致力于在技术设计阶段有效解决技术中的伦理问题。价值敏感设计提倡设计师充分考量技术用户及其他利益相关者的道德感受和价值诉求,具有很强的现实意义和一定的先进性,但仍可能面临某些质疑。价值敏感设计的实践应用会受到技术中诸多复杂因素的影响,仍需要不断地完善和发展。

As an innovative theoretical approach, value sensitive design dialectically views technical design and social context through the interaction between value and technical design. It employs a tripartite methodology, which consists of conceptual, empirical and technical investigations. Throughout the process of technical design, ethical import is emphasized and ethical issues are addressed. Value sensitive design advocates that designers should take full account of the moral feelings and value appeals of technical users and other stakeholders. Despite the obvious practical significance and some advantages, doubts and questions do exist. There is still a long way to go in that its application may be affected by the complex factors of technology.