形体训练对女大学生身体形态、成分、素质和免疫力影响的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Influence of Body Training to the Body Shape,Body Composition, Physical Quality,Immunity of Female College Students

目的：研究形体训练对女大学生身体形态、成分、素质和免疫力的影响，探讨其内在的机制和关联性，并验证一项健身方法的有效性。方法：将60名年龄在17～19岁的女大学生随机分成两组，分别进行16周的形体和有氧训练，利用配对￡检验对数据进行分析。结果：1）形体训练使整体受试者腰围显著下降，使偏胖三围、大腿围、大臂围显著下降，使中瘦臀围、大腿围显著增加；有氧训练使整体和偏胖腰围显著下降，使偏胖和中瘦胸围显著下降。2）前者使整体和中瘦受试者的瘦体重、BMR、肥胖率显著增加，使偏胖脂肪重、肥胖率显著下降；后者使整体和中瘦脂肪重、肥胖率显著增加，使偏胖瘦体重和BMR显著下降。3）前者使受试者腰腹、腿力量和柔韧性显著提高，后者使肺活量和抛rFk3x提高显著。4）前者使受试者的IL-1、IL-6和IgG显著增加，后者使IL-1和IgG显著增加。结论：1）相比有氧训练，形体训练更有利于受试者身体形态的改善和身体成分的优化。2）形体训练对受试者力量和柔韧改善显著，有氧训练对心肺功能改善更好。3）形体、有氧训练对受试者免疫机能都有改善。

Objective：To study the influence of body training to the body shape, body composi- tion, physical quality, immunity of female college students, explore its inner mechanisms and relevance, and to verify the validity of a bodybuilding method. Method： The 60 college students （17 ~ 19 yrs） were divided randomly into two groups, which to have a body training and aero- bic training for 16-weeks. Paired t test was used to analyze the data. Results ： 1 ） Body training leads to a remarkable decline in overall participants ~ waist girth, cause overweight＇ BWH, thigh, big arm girth remarkable decline, normal and lowweight＇ hip, leg girth remarkable in- crease;Aerobic training leads to a remarkable decline in overall and overweight participants ＇ waist girth, remarkable increase in normal and lowweight ~ chest girth. 2）The former cause o- verall, normal and lowweight ＇ LBM, BMR, rates obesity remarkable increase, overweight ＇ fat weight remarkable decline, the latter cause overall, normal and lowweight＇ fat weight, rates o- besity remarkable increase, overweight＇ LBM, BMR remarkable decline. 3 ）The former leads to a remarkable increase in participants ＇ strength of lumbar, leg and sitting position bending, the latter cause a remarkable increase in participants ＇ vital capacity and VO2 max. 4 ）The former leads to a remarkable increase in participants ＇ IL-1, IL-6 and IgG, the latter leads to a remark- able increase in IL-1 and IgG. Conclusion： 1）Compared with aerobic training, body training is better for improving body shape and body composition. 2） Body training has an outstanding in- fluence on participants ＇ strength and flexibility, the same as the influence of aerobic training on the vital capacity and VO2 max. 3） Both body training and aerobic training can improve immu- nity.