高等教育生均经费支出差异研究——基于1999-2008年省际面板数据分析

Analysis of Disparity in Annual Expenditure on Higher Education Institutions Per Student——an Empirical Study Based on Cross-province Panel Data

伴随高等教育大众化进程,我国高等教育面临着财政短缺与财政分配不均两方面问题。高等教育扩招过程中,各省生均教育经费支出水平整体下降,省际生均支出基尼系数虽有波动,但仍比较平均。教育规模扩张是导致生均经费水平拉大差异的动因之一,而各省经济水平的差异和产业结构需求是导致这一差异的更重要因素。高等教育生均经费标准的制订必须承认省际差异的现实,重在维护生均支出的底线。

Funding of China＇s higher education has been suffering from f/nancial shortage and provincial disparity since the great expansion in 1999. This paper shows that in general expenditure per student has been in decrease, and Gini index in slight but acceptable increase. Expansion of higher education is of influence on cross-province budgetary expenditure and expenditure per student disparity, while uneven economic development among districts and regional industrial structure havemore significant influence. It is suggested that provincial disparityshould be recognized when setting basic standards for higher educationexpenditure per student,and the key issue of higher education funding is maintaining the baselineof expenditure per student.