台湾判例制度三论

Three Topics on Precedent System of Taiwan

本文集中探讨了台湾判例制度中存在的三个关系重大而又充满争议的问题。首先,在判例的遴选机制上,台湾判例遴选机制算得上严谨精细,但是又有过于集权化的趋势。其次,在判例约束力问题上,台湾地区的判例具有事实上的约束力,甚至法律上的约束力,但是在是否接受违宪审查问题上又举棋未定。再次,在判例的适用机制上,台湾判例特殊的体例使得法官倾向于适用判例旨要,而不采纳个案类比的方法。这些问题在大陆地区的指导性案例制度中同样存在,这就要求我们正视台湾地区判例制度的经验和教训。

This paper focuses on the three important and controversial issues that exist in Taiwan prece- dent system. First, as for the mechanism of case selection, Taiwan＇ s provisions are strict and scientific, but there is too much centralization trend to the Supreme Court of Taiwan. Secondly, as for the legal binding of precedent, Taiwan has accepted the factual binding, and even legal binding, but hang on the question of judi- cial review of precedent. Thirdly, to the mechanism of applying precedent, Taiwan＇ s courts tend to apply the gist of precedent without cases analogies. The three issues also exist in the Guiding Case System in China's Mainland, which requires us to learn the experience and lessons from Precedent System of Taiwan.