精神科护士不同学历和职称压力状况调查研究与对策

Investigation of pressures for psychiatric nurses with different education backgrounds and professional titles and their countermeasures

目的:通过了解精神科护士的心理健康状况及压力来源和程度,对精神科护士在不同学历、不同职称的压力状况进行分析对比,以做出相应的对策。方法:采用结构式问卷,随机抽取我院精神科护士100人作为样本,用中国护士压力调查表及自行设计的个人一般情况调查表进行调查。结果:100个样本工作压力总平均值为(79.08±21.1),其中在学历方面中专学历压力平均值为(62.4±13.32),大专为(68.16±14.8),本科方面为(80.67±17.12),职称方面初级压力方面平均值为(72.49±17.3),中级为(86.93±11.92),两者对比分析总平均分具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:精神科护士工作压力大,加上精神科护士所服务的对象的特殊性,使他们承受的心理压力更重,尤其表现在高学历、高职称护士方面。如不能有效缓解压力,不仅影响其心身健康,也易导致护理差错事故的发生。医院管理者应重视这种压力所带来的不良后果,采取有效措施,以减轻精神科护士的心理压力,维护其心理健康,努力创造轻松愉快的工作氛围,给予护士更多地理解和支持。

ObjectiveBy understanding mental health status, pressure source and extent of psychiatric nurses, to analyze andcompare the pressures of psychiatric nurses with different education backgrounds and professional titles in order to make appropriatecountermeasures. Methods：A structured questionnaire was used for 100 nurses in our hospital psychiatric department, and they wereinvestigated with Chinese nurse job stressors questionnaire and self-designed personal general questionnaire. Results： For the 100 sam-ples, the general average value of the working pressure was （79. 08 ±21. 1）, in which the pressure average values for those educatedfrom the technical secondary schools, colleges, and universities were （62. 4±13. 32）, （68. 16±14. 8）, and （80. 67±17. 12）, respec-tively; the pressure average values for those with primary and medium-grade professional tiles were （72. 49±17. 3） and （86. 93±11.92）, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0. 01） in the general average value. Conclusions： The psychiat-ric nurses have high work pressure and psychological pressure because of the special service object, especially for those with high edu-cation background and high professional title. If they can not effectively alleviate the pressure, their physical and mental health will beaffected, thus leading to occurrence of nursing errors. The hospital managers should pay attention to this kind of pressure and take ef-fective measures to alleviate the psychological pressure of the psychiatric nurses to maintain their mental health, strive to create a pleas-ant working atmosphere, and give the nurses more understanding and support.