短梗大参扦插繁殖技术研究

Study on Cutting Propagation of Macropanax rosthornii

建立短梗大参扦插繁殖技术,为其苗木的规模化生产及推广应用提供技术支持。采用常规扦插方法,以短梗大参为试验材料,研究插穗类型、扦插基质、不同种类及浓度的生长调节剂对短梗大参扦插生根的影响。不同插穗类型对短梗大参扦插生根的影响显著(P<0.05),3年生硬枝的生根效果明显优于1年生嫩枝。不同基质的生根效果差异显著(P<0.05),其中黄心土和椰糠生根效果较好,河沙、谷壳灰次之,珍珠岩生根效果差。不同植物生长调节剂及浓度对短梗大参扦插生根有明显的影响(P<0.05),其中以2000 mg/LIBA处理的插穗生根效果最佳,生根率达98.8%,平均根数为93.75,平均根长为4.23 cm,根系效果指数高达409.18,与对照相比,其生根数量和根系效果指数分别提高了3.54倍和4.35倍。不同生长调节剂混合使用不利于短梗大参的扦插生根。短梗大参合适的扦插条件为:扦插基质为黄心土,插穗为3年生硬枝,速蘸2000 mg/L IBA溶液处理。生产上不宜采用生长调节剂混合使用。

The study was conducted to set up the cutting propagation technology of Macropanax rostbornii and to provide technical supports for the large-scale production of its nursery seedlings and landscape application. The plant Macropanax rosthomii was used to test the effects of different cuttings, substrates, types and concentrations of growth regulators on its cutting rooting by a conventional cutting experiment. Different cuttings significantly affected their rooting capacity, and 3-year-old hard-wood cuttings had a notably better rooting effect than 1-year-old soft-wood cuttings. Significant difference was found in the rooting effect of substrates, in which yellow subsoil and coconut chaff were better than river sand and chaff but perlite had the poorest rooting effect. The types and concentrations of growth regulators were also important factors that affected cutting rooting. Treated with IBA at a concentration of 2000 mg/L, the cuttings had a rooting rate of 98.8%, root number of 93.75 on an average, root length of 4.23 cm on an average and root effect index of 409.18. And compared with the control, the root number and root effect index were increased by 3.54 times and 4.35 times respectively. The mixture of different growth regulators made against cutting rooting of Macropanax rostbornii. The cutting substrate of yellow subsoil and 3-year-old hard-wood cuttings shortly dipped with 2000 mg/L IBA were appropriate to the cutting rooting of Macropanax rosthomii. The mixture of different growth regulators were not proper to the cutting rooting of Macropanax rostbornii.