安徽省一季稻生长季热量资源变化特征及其对产量的影响

Variable Characteristics of Heat Resources of Single-season Rice Growing Seasons in Anhui Province and Its Impacts on Rice Yield

为进一步了解安徽省一季稻生长季热量资源变化特征及其对产量的影响,利用安徽省一季稻主产区45个气象观测站1961—2010年逐日平均气温、最高气温和最低气温气象数据,分析安徽省一季稻沿淮、江淮、沿江3个主产区生长季平均气温、≥10℃积温、气温日较差、高温热害等气候变化特征,并分析其变化对一季稻产量的影响。结果表明:近50年,安徽省一季稻3个主产区生长季平均温度、≥10℃积温均呈明显增加趋势;沿淮地区气温日较差、高温热害日数呈明显减少趋势,江淮、沿江地区气温日较差、高温热害日数无明显变化规律;平均气温、气温日较差、高温热害对一季稻气象产量均为副作用,≥10℃积温的增加有利于产量的提高。

In order to know the variable characteristics of heat resources of single-season rice growing seasons in Anhui Province and its impacts on rice yield, daily mean average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature in 45 meteorological stations in single-season rice production area in Anhui Province during 1961 to 2010 daily were used in order to analyze variable characteristics of mean temperature, ≥10℃ accumulated temperature, diurnal temperature range, heat damage, climate change rice along the Huaihe River Area, between Huaihe and Yangzi River Area and along Yangzi River Area 3 main single-season rice producing areas in Anhui Province, and its impacts on yield of rice were also analyzed. The results indicated that： during the past 50a, in 3 single-season rice producing areas, average temperature, ≥10℃ accumulated temperature were increased significantly; the number of days of temperature daily range, high temperature decreased obviously along Huahe River Area, and had no change rule between Huaihe and Yangzi River Area along Yangzi River Area; the average temperature, temperature daily range and heat damage on the meteorology yield of single-season rice were side effects, and the increasement of ≥10℃ accumulated temperature was conducive to yield improvement.